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A relatively large “chin” characterises the Tupolev ANT-2, making the airplane sit close to the ground. Its construction is made of corrugated metal. It has high wings, above which the pilot sits in the open air. The passenger cabin in the rear fuselage is enclosed.
This mass-produced Soviet bomber has no really distinctive features, or it should be the swept horizontal stabilisers with rounded trailing edge. Otherwise you may recognise it from the glass nose. The ANT-40 can have differently shaped engine nacelles.
The first Soviet-built passenger jet airliner is derived from the Tu-16 bomber. It has the same general appearance, but the Tu-104 and Tu-124 of course have cabin windows! In addition, the wings are below the fuselage instead of straight through and the horizontal stabiliser is mounted to the rear fuselage instead of the base of the vertical stabiliser.
Based on the Tu-95 bomber Tupolev made this fast turboprop powered passenger aircraft. Like the Tu-95 the Tu-114 has four engines with two counter-rotating props each and four wheel main gears that retract rearward in pods extending from the inner nacelles. Having low mounted wing however means that the gear is relatively long.
The Tu-128 is a large fighter with semicircular air intakes at the sides of the fuselage, with semicircular shock cones like on Mirage fighters. It also features four wheel main landing gear bogeys, that retract rearward in pods extending from the wings, Tupolev style.
The Tu-134 can be seen as the Russian F28, DC-9 or BAC One Eleven. It shares the same basic appeareance, but can easily be recognised by the landing gear. The main gear has four wheels per leg and retracts backwards in pods extending from the wing trailing edge, instead of in the fuselage. Additionally, older versions have a glaced nose.
The Soviet supersonic transport aircraft that actually flew, is the Tu-144. The wings of the Tupolev have a double delta shape. Underneath are closely spaced engine nacelles. In most cases the main landing gears have sixteen wheels each. Finally, most Tu-144s have retractable canard wings below the cockpit.
Compared to other jets with a T-tail and three engines at the rear the Tu-154 has one characteristic making it easy to recognise: the six-wheel main landing gear legs retracting backwards in pods extending from the wing trailing edge. Moreover note the forward pointing bullet fairing at the top of the vertical stabiliser.
The Tu-16 jet bomber has two jet engines placed in the wing roots. The wings have anhedral and the four wheel main landing gear retracts backwards into pods extending from the wing trailing edge. The Xian H-6 is the license-built Chinese version, later further developed.
The horizontal stabilisers of the Tu-2's H-tail have a slight dihedral. Other key features are radial engines in long nacelles, with the single wheel main landing gears retracting rearward in them.